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Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology | Volume 9 | Issue 1 | Research Paper
Research Papers

Influence of High Current Cycling on the Performance of SOFC Single Cells

[+] Author and Article Information
Markus J. Heneka, Ellen Ivers-Tiffée

 Institut für Werkstoffe der Elektrotechnik (IWE), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany

J. Fuel Cell Sci. Technol 9(1), 011001 (Dec 15, 2011) (6 pages) doi:10.1115/1.4004639 History: Received February 11, 2010; Revised July 13, 2011; Published December 15, 2011; Online December 15, 2011
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In this contribution, the performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) under high current density load cycles is studied by means of electrical measurements and material analyses. Our study is an important premise for the application of accelerated life testing (ALT) to SOFC single cells. In reliability engineering ALT is a well known method for rapid lifetime evaluation [Nelson, W., Accelerated Life Testing, 1990, John Wiley, New York]. Furthermore, our results are of particular interest for the (La,Sr)MnO3 -zirconia system. We find that during current treatment, a nanoporous domain containing lanthanum zirconate is formed at the cathode-electrolyte interface. The nanoporosity leads to an enhanced cathode performance while the formation of lanthanum zirconate degrades the mechanical stability of the interface.
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+Conduct of load cycle experiments
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Conduct of load cycle experiments
Figure 1

Conduct of load cycle experiments

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+Degradation of output power P at 0.7 V and ohmic resistance Rohm during cycling (both quantities are normalized to their initial values at N = 0)
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Degradation of output power P at 0.7 V and ohmic resistance Rohm during cycling (both quantities are normalized to their initial values at N = 0)
Figure 2

Degradation of output power P at 0.7 V and ohmic resistance Rohm during cycling (both quantities are normalized to their initial values at N = 0)

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+Degradation of normalized output power at 600 mA/cm2
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Degradation of normalized output power at 600 mA/cm2
Figure 3

Degradation of normalized output power at 600 mA/cm2

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+WDS mappings of manganese on electrolyte cross sections
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WDS mappings of manganese on electrolyte cross sections
Figure 4

WDS mappings of manganese on electrolyte cross sections

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+Cross section of single cell after 434 current cycles
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Cross section of single cell after 434 current cycles
Figure 5

Cross section of single cell after 434 current cycles

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+Effect of current constriction caused by delamination of cathode layer
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Effect of current constriction caused by delamination of cathode layer
Figure 6

Effect of current constriction caused by delamination of cathode layer

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+Development of active area Aact and specific polarization resistance rPol during cycling (both quantities are normalized to their initial values at N = 0)
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Development of active area Aact and specific polarization resistance rPol during cycling (both quantities are normalized to their initial values at N = 0)
Figure 7

Development of active area Aact and specific polarization resistance rPol during cycling (both quantities are normalized to their initial values at N = 0)

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+SEM analysis (a) after sintering, (b) activation, and (c) accelerated testing
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SEM analysis (a) after sintering, (b) activation, and (c) accelerated testing
Figure 8

SEM analysis (a) after sintering, (b) activation, and (c) accelerated testing

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+Cathode-electrolyte interface (a) before and (b) after current load
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Cathode-electrolyte interface (a) before and (b) after current load
Figure 9

Cathode-electrolyte interface (a) before and (b) after current load

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+Changes at cathode-electrolyte interface due to current treatment
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Changes at cathode-electrolyte interface due to current treatment
Figure 10

Changes at cathode-electrolyte interface due to current treatment

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