Abstract

This work describes the development and the application of a quasi3D method for the simulation of turbochargers for automotive applications under unsteady flow conditions. The quasi3D approach is based on the solution of conservation equations for mass, momentum, and energy for unsteady flows and applied to zero-dimensional (0D) and one-dimensional (1D) elements arbitrarily oriented in the space. The compressor is divided into different regions, each one treated numerically in a different way. For the impeller region, a relative reference system has been used, and the presence of a centrifugal force field has been introduced both in the momentum and energy conservation equations. The direction of the ports at the inlet and outlet of the impeller are used to determine the design flow angles and therefore the deviation during off-design conditions. Conversely in the vaneless diffuser, the conservation of the angular momentum of the flow stream has been imposed in the tangential direction and then combined with the solution of the momentum equation in the radial direction. The model has been validated against measurements carried out on the test bench of the University of Genoa both in diabatic and adiabatic conditions.

References

1.
Onorati
,
A.
,
Ferrari
,
G.
,
D'Errico
,
G.
, and
Montenegro
,
G.
,
2002
, “
The Prediction of 1D Unsteady Flows in the Exhaust System of a S.I. Engine Including Chemical Reactions in the Gas and Solid Phase
,”
SAE
Paper No. 2002-01-0003. 10.4271/2002-01-0003
2.
Gurney
,
D.
,
2001
, “
The Design of Turbocharged Engines Using 1D Simulation
,”
SAE
Paper No. 2001-01-0576.10.4271/2001-01-0576
3.
Trigui
,
N.
,
Griaznov
,
V.
,
Affes
,
H.
, and
Smith
,
D.
,
1999
, “
CFD Based Shape Optimization of IC Engine
,”
Rev. Inst. Fr. Pet.
,
54
(
2
), pp.
297
307
.10.2516/ogst:1999029
4.
Peters
,
B.
, and
Gosman
,
A. D.
,
1993
, “
Numerical Simulation of Unsteady Flow in Engine Intake Manifolds
,”
SAE
Paper No. 930609.10.4271/930609
5.
Sundström
,
E.
,
Semlitsch
,
B.
, and
Mihăescu
,
M.
,
2018
, “
Generation Mechanisms of Rotating Stall and Surge in Centrifugal Compressors (2018) Flow
,”
Turbul. Combust.
,
100
(
3
), pp.
705
719
.10.1007/s10494-017-9877-z
6.
Semlitsch
,
B.
, and
Mihăescu
,
M.
,
2016
, “
Flow Phenomena Leading to Surge in a Centrifugal Compressor
,”
Energy
,
103
, pp.
572
587
.10.1016/j.energy.2016.03.032
7.
Hildebrandt
,
A.
, and
Genrup
,
M.
,
2007
, “
Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Different Back Sweep Angle and Exducer Width on the Impeller Outlet Flow Pattern of a Centrifugal Compressor With Vaneless Diffuser
,”
ASME J. Turbomach.
,
129
(
2
), pp.
421
433
.10.1115/1.2447873
8.
Winterbone
,
D. E.
, and
Pearson
,
R. J.
,
2000
,
Theory of Engine Manifold Design
,
Professional Engineering Publishing
,
London, UK
.
9.
Benson
,
R. S.
,
1982
,
The Thermodynamics and Gas Dynamics of Internal Combustion Engines
, Vol.
I
,
Clarendon Press
,
Oxford, UK
.
10.
Galindo
,
J.
,
Arnau
,
F. J.
,
Tiseira
,
A.
, and
Piqueras
,
P.
,
2010
, “
Solution of the Turbocompressor Boundary Condition for One-Dimensional Gas-Dynamic Codes
,”
Math. Comput. Modell.
,
52
(
7–8
), pp.
1288
1297
.10.1016/j.mcm.2010.05.003
11.
D'Errico
,
G.
,
Montenegro
,
G.
,
Onorati
,
A.
,
Merola
,
S.
, and
Vaglieco
,
B. M.
,
2005
, “
Thermo-Fluid Dynamic Modeling and Experimental Investigation of a Turbocharged Common Rail di Diesel Engine
,”
SAE
Paper No. 2005-01-0689. 10.4271/2005-01-0689
12.
Burguburu
,
S.
,
2011
, “
Compressor Characteristics Generation With CFD and Their Use for a Fast Multistage Axial Compressor Design
,”
Ninth European Conference on Turbomachinery: Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics (ETC 2011)
, Istanbul, Turkey, Mar. 21–25, pp.
1289
1302
.
13.
Janke
,
C.
,
Bestle
,
D.
, and
Becker
,
B.
,
2015
, “
Compressor Map Computation Based on 3D CFD Analysis
,”
CEAS Aeronaut. J.
,
6
(
4
), pp.
515
527
.10.1007/s13272-015-0159-y
14.
De Bellis
,
V.
,
Bozza
,
F.
,
Bevilacqua
,
M.
,
Bonamassa
,
G.
, and
Schernus
,
C.
,
2013
, “
Validation of a 1D Compressor Model for Performance Prediction
,”
SAE Int. J. Engines
,
6
(
3
), pp.
1786
1800
.10.4271/2013-24-0120
15.
Bozza
,
F.
,
de Bellis
,
V.
,
Marelli
,
S.
, and
Capobianco
,
M.
,
2011
, “
1D Simulation and Experimental Analysis of a Turbocharger Compressor for Automotive Engines Under Unsteady Flow Conditions
,”
SAE Int. J. Engines
,
4
(
1
), pp.
1365
1384
.10.4271/2011-01-1147
16.
Montenegro
,
G.
,
Della Torre
,
A.
,
Onorati
,
A.
, and
Fairbrother
,
R. A.
,
2013
, “
Nonlinear Quasi-3D Approach for the Modeling of Mufflers With Perforated Elements and Sound-Absorbing Material
,” Advances in Acoustics and Vibration, 2013, Article No.
546120
.10.1155/2013/546120
17.
Montenegro
,
G.
,
Onorati
,
A.
, and
Della Torre
,
A.
,
2013
, “
The Prediction of Silencer Acoustical Performances by 1D, 1D-3D and Quasi-3D Non-Linear Approaches
,”
Comput. Fluids
,
71
, pp.
208
223
.10.1016/j.compfluid.2012.10.016
18.
Montenegro
,
G.
,
Della Torre
,
A.
,
Cerri
,
T.
, and
Onorati
,
A.
,
2012
, “
Modeling the Unsteady Flows in I.C. Engine Pipe Systems by Means of a Quasi-3D Approach
,”
ASME
Paper No. ICES2012-81181
. 10.1115/ICES2012-81181
19.
Chapman
,
J. M.
,
Novak
,
M.
, and
Stein
,
R. A.
,
1982
, “
Numerical Modelling of Inlet and Exhaust Flows in Multi-Cylinder Internal Combustion Engines
,”
Flows in Internal Combustion Engines
,
T.
Uzkan
, ed., ASME Winter Annual Meeting Presentations, Phoenix, Arizona, Nov. 1982.
20.
Swamee
,
P. K.
, and
Jain
,
A. K.
,
1976
, “
Explicit Equations for Pipe-Low Problems
,”
J. Hydraul. Div.
, 102(5), pp.
657
664
.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280018838_Explicit_eqations_for_pipe-flow_problems
21.
Marelli
,
S.
, and
Capobianco
,
M.
,
2012
, “
Experimental Investigation Under Unsteady Flow Conditions on Turbocharger Compressors for Automotive Gasoline Engines
,”
Tenth International Conference on Turbochargers and Turbocharging
, London, UK, May 15–16, pp.
219
229
.10.1533/9780857096135.4a.219
22.
Tanda
,
G.
,
Marelli
,
S.
,
Marmorato
,
G.
, and
Capobianco
,
M.
,
2017
, “
An Experimental Investigation of Internal Heat Transfer in an Automotive Turbocharger Compressor
,”
Appl. Energy
,
193
, pp.
531
539
.10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.02.053
23.
Montenegro
,
G.
,
Onorati
,
A.
,
Piscaglia
,
F.
, and
D'Errico
,
G.
,
2007
, “
Integrated 1D-MultiD Fluid Dynamic Models for the Simulation of I.C.E. Intake and Exhaust Systems
,”
SAE
Paper No. 2007-01-0495.10.4271/2007-01-0495
24.
Marelli
,
S.
,
Marmorato
,
G.
,
Capobianco
,
M.
, and
Rinaldi
,
A.
,
2015
, “
Heat Transfer Effects on Performance Map of a Turbocharger Compressor for Automotive Application
,”
SAE
Paper No. 2015-01-1287.10.4271/2015-01-1287
You do not currently have access to this content.